I don't know if this pertains to your problem,
but my school's exchange won't work due to their firewall.
I had to get the IT guy to allow my phone's IP access to it.
I personally don't know much about exchange servers,
but we got it working when he allowed it,
but then I performed a hard reset and it erased all the info,
like a dummy I forgot to back that info up.

But I just have my teachers email me at a gmail account since my student email only let me receive like twenty emails total and then it would be over the size limit, so I just said f*ck it.