[GoodThings2Life]

First of all, I recommend telling that prompt not to prompt again (the checkbox in the lower right of the prompt).

Then, pick which method you want it to use (I recommend ActiveSync, but nothing wrong with Remote Storage either).

Basically, it won't start charging until that connection is established.

That said, if you're also having problems with it when you plug into the wall outlet using the actual AC adapter, it sounds like either the adapter or the phone's USB port is defective. Try another cable/adapter first.