[gTen]

Flashing Tools:

Odin - This is what samsung uses to flash phones with..when flashing roms with it, its complete wipe.
Clockworkmod - Flashes from SD card, flashes everything except unofficial modems...There are two versions..3.0 if you want to use EXT4, or 2.5.5 if you want to use RFS..root is bundled with clockwork mod..but you can root without it too..

File systems:

RFS - Default filesystem..its slow...but some like to keep to it as EXT4 was not really made for flash media..

EXT4 - The popular filesystem that makes the phone run smoother..mostly when making use of I/O....
Journaling On - This is slower but your data is more reliable (suggested)
Journaling Off - This is faster but if you don't know how to take care of it, it can cause complete data loss/corruption

Roms:
DI18 - Latest official Eclair aka 2.1 rom
EC05 - Latest official Froyo aka 2.2.1 rom
EE03 - Latest beta Gingerbread aka 2.3.3 rom

Now here is how it works...

First letter is the year..

D=2010
E=2011

Second letter is the month:

A=Jan
B=Feb
C=Mar
D=Apr
E=May
F=Jun
and etc..


last 2 digits are the date..

so....

EC05 = 2011, march 05
EE03 = 2011, may 03

And thats how you know how new each rom is..

Root is permanent..while there are ways to attain temp root its kinda meaningless...