Google does have an add-in for Outlook to sync to its server. I don't know if this will work similar to Exchange. I created a new profile for Outlook to test this out, however found out that Google doesn't support 64-bit XP, so that was the end of it.
Here is the link if anyone is interested in testing it out. I reccomend creating a new Outlook profile w/out an e-mail account to test.
https://tools.google.com/dlpage/gappssync
Edit: This service is a paid service. So I really do not see how this can even compare to MS Exchange. The other negative aspect is all the hoops to jump through just to avoid a 100% functional MS product???